AFH (2005) violate the equal environments assumption.
Mzs receive/share more similar treatment, experiences, prenatal environment and mutual influences than Dzs.
"In sum, these examples illustrate the fact that heritibility (H) and environment (E) statistics ignore genetic and environmental forces that affect all members of a population equally" (21).
Further, AFHs model is additive; not multiplicative or interactive. "AFH cite Carmines and Stimson (1980) work on "easy" and "hard" issues, but they misinterpret these authors' work in two respects. First C and S argue that ALL issues have simple (easy) and complex (hard) facets (81); thus there is not room in their theory for some issue instances to be more heritable than others. Second, C & S say that the E/H distinction reflects not the social/economic distinction but rather the extent to which members of the public can may their preferences to those of the major parties and candidates.
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